Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
nuzul widyas

Institutions
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
Betaine as metabolic enhancer is proven to improve eggs production in poultry. The consistency of the improvement, however, is not yet explored. This study aimed to explore the consistency of quails- egg production under the influence of betaine supplementation utilizing intraclass correlation approach. In total 225 quails were used and allotted into three treatment groups: T0 (control), T1 (control + 0.06% betaine) and T2 (control + 0.12% betaine). Each treatment was repeated five times with 15 quails each. Egg production data was collected for 2 clutches (2 × 28 days) started after egg production reached 50%. The data was split and averaged into eight consecutive weeks. Linear model resulted in significant difference of egg production among treatments which were 66.08±18.39%, 70.55±15.11% and 75.46±14.88% for T0, T1 and T2 respectively (P<0.01). Intraclass correlation within each treatment was used as the measure of egg production consistency. Every replicate was recorded in eight consecutive weeks during the experiment. Results showed that T2 has the highest intraclass correlation (0.88), followed by T1 (0.86) and T0 (0.79). Our findings confirmed that betaine supplementation improve quails- egg production in quails. We further discover that the improvement obtained during experimental period due to betaine supplementation was more consistent compared to the quails without supplementation.

Keywords
quail, egg production, betaine, intraclass correlation, consistency

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/yekdLEwQzrWc

Corresponding Author
Mohammad Miftakhus Sholikin

Institutions
1 Graduate School of Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
2 Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia

Abstract
The aim of this research was to build artificial neural networks model to predict crude protein and crude fiber content from physical properties of feedstuffs. The 91 data were obtained from *https://repository.ipb.ac.id* using keywords, e.g., *sifat fisik* and *pakan*. To reduce the dimensional of the data had been transformed. The independent variables consist of specific gravity (SG), bulk density (BD), compacted bulk density (CBD) and angle of repose (AoR). The dependent variable was crude protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF). Artificial neural networks (ANN) model built by R programing language 3.6.0 using library R-base and neuralnet. The correlation and accuracy used to compare predicted and actual. ANN model of crude fiber has an accuracy of 75.08% and Pearsons signification correlation (0.7529; P <0.01). ANN model of crude fiber has an accuracy of 75.08% and Pearsons signification correlation (0.7529; P <0.01). The artificial neural networks model generally can perform better to predict crude protein and crude fiber from physical properties of feedstuffs.

Keywords
Artificial neural networks model, Crude fiber, Crude protein, Physical properties, Feedstuffs

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/QPan8C2MqwKe

Corresponding Author
Afduha Nurus Syamsi

Institutions
a)Departement of Diary Production, Animal Science Faculty, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto
*nurussyamsiafduha[at]gmail.com
b)Departement of Animal Science, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Tidar Magelang

Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the interaction between the meal protein source with the protein-energy synchronization index (PES) in the dairy ration on the profile of branch chain volatile fatty acids (BCVFA). The study was carried out in vitro, using factorial completely randomized design (CRD-Factorial). The first factor was 2 types of meal protein source (soybean meal and coconut meal) and the second factor was 3 levels of PES index (0.5, 0.6, and 0.7), there were 6 treatment combinations, each treatment was repeated 4 times. The results of the study showed that the interaction between the meal protein source and the PES index was not significantly affected (P> 0.05) on the levels of iso butyrate, iso valerate and valerate. The study concluded that the low PES index ration (0.5) produced a decent BCVFA profile using coconut or soybean meal.

Keywords
branched chain volatile fatty acids; meal protein source; synchronization protein-energy index

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/e4VGDCNznpRr

Corresponding Author
Wardhana Suryapratama

Institutions
a) Laboratory of Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science,Jenderal Soedirman University, Jl. dr. Suparno 60 Purwokerto, Indonesia.
*wardhanaunsoed[at]gmail.com
b) Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University. Jl. dr. Suparno 60, Purwokerto, Indonesia

Abstract
A study was carried out in order to investigate the influence of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on reducing of methane production in sheep. The experiment by in vitro methode was done from June 2018 until October 2018. The treatments were ration with addition of three level of Moringa oleifera leaf extract of 0%, 0.25%, and 0.50% from dry matter (DM) of diet, respectively. Moringa oleifera leaves are dried in an oven at 60ºC for 2 x 24 hours, then ground to make extracted using ethanol. A Completely Randomized Design with six replications was applied in this experiment. The Rumen fluid was obtained from three thin-tailed sheep and was used as a source of inoculum. The diet consists of concentrate and ammoniated rice straw ratio of 60:40 based on DM and the concentrate consists of two parts of rice bran and one part of coconut meal. The results of the variance analysis and the orthogonal polynomial test indicated that the level of 0.5% Moringa oleifera leaf extract lowest of the number of protozoa and methane production, and the highest number of bacteria and microbial protein synthesis.

Keywords
Moringa oleifera, protozoa, bacteria, methane, protein synthesis of rumen microbes

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/Z36qNjGkghvC

Corresponding Author
Titin Widiyastuti

Institutions
faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University

Abstract
Rice has many kind of varieties with varied organic ingredients. The purpose of this study is to assess influence of varied organic matter content on digestibility and fermentation products in rumen. The method of research is done by in vitro, using completely randomized design with 6 varieties of rice bran as treatments (Pandan Wangi, Ketan Putih, IR 64, Aek Sibundong, Ketan Hitam and Umbul). Each treatment is repeated 3 times, continued by Honestly Significant Difference (HSD). The objective of the research was to evaluate VFA level, N-NH3, dry matter digestibility (DMD) and organic matter digestibility (OMD). Results of analysis of variance showed that the rice bran varieties have a Highly significant effect on the levels of VFA (P < 0.01), but its not significant effects on N-NH3 level, DMD and OMD. A highly significant difference is shown by rice bran of Pandan Wangi varieties with Ketan Putih and Ketan Hitam. Based on the results can be concluded that rice varieties affect the level of VFA but do not affect the level N-H3, DMD and OMD, Pandan Wangi varieties has the highest VFA produce in the rumen.

Keywords
Rice varieties, VFA, N-NH3, DMD, OMD, in vitro

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/NPX4VQkBxq9Z

Corresponding Author
modawy abdelgader

Institutions
Faculty Of Animal Husbandry, University of Jenderal Soedirman

Abstract
Molasses can be a source of quick energy and an excellent source of minerals for farm animals and even chickens. Molasses can also be a key ingredient for cost effective management of feeds. The purpose of this research was to study the impact of adding different levels of sugar beet molasses to feed on performance of broilers chickens. Used 112 of commercial broiler (Ross 308) l-day-old chicks were weighed in gram live weight ranged between 50-57g and subsequently placed in the treatment groups in such a way that the mean weights differed as little as possible, chicks divided into four groups replicates of 7 chicks each and reared on deep litter in open housing system. Four replicates were designed to each dietary treatment. at 15-days-old chicks, the unsexed broiler chickens were randomly allotted to four groups of 7 birds each. The four diets consisted of Group (A) as a control diet containing no Molasses, Group (B) was 5 %, Group (C) 7.5 % and Group (D)10%. Feed and water were provided adlibtum. There were no significant differences at all level (P<0.05) of adding beet molasses as source of energy among four experimental groups for the parameter studied: body weight, body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion, also there is no mortality however, Use of beet molasses in broiler diets reduced feed cost and feeding of 7.5 % beet molasses decreased cost of feed per kg versus control and increase profitability. Keywords: beet molasses, broiler chickens, performance

Keywords
beet molasses, broiler chickens, performance

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/V7naUd3k92j8

Corresponding Author
Retno Iswarin Pujaningsih

Institutions
Faculty of Animal Agriculture, Diponegoro University of Semarang

Abstract
The research was managed to assess organic basic multi-nutrient block supplementation on the performance of Kacang goat that fed by total mixed ratio in feedlot system. This research was carried out for 3 months, used 15 goats with the average body weight of 13.40 ± 1.97 kg. The study was arranged in a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 5 replications. Goats were divided and fed with one of the treatments as follows: P0: only forage, according to the farmer-s way; P1: total mixed ratio; P2: total mixed ratio + 15g multinutrient block/head/day. Variables of initial body weight, final body weight, body weight gain, and feed consumption were observed. The study indicated that goats of P1 and P2 had a significantly higher final body weight in average of 29,32 and 32,38 kg (P < 0.05) compared with P0 (27,45 kg), respectively. Body weight gain of goat P2 was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than P1 Kacang goat. This study suggests that treatment P2 resulted in the highest body weight gain.

Keywords
multinutrient block, organic supplement, TMR, Kacang Goat

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kd39YaAxGTMq

Corresponding Author
Wisje Lusia TOAR

Institutions
a) Animal Science Program, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Sam Ratulangi University. Jalan Kampus Unsrat, Manado 95115. Indonesia
*wisje_toar[at]live.com
b) Entomology Program, Postgraduate School, Sam Ratulangi University. Jalan Kampus Unsrat, Manado 95115. Indonesia

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the combination of curcuma meal with maggot or BSF (Blue Soldier Flies) insect larvae of Hermetia illucens on accumulative weight gain in native chicken. Methods: This study used 60 starter chickens aged 3 weeks, which were divided into two groups of 30 chickens as control group (P1) and the other one (P2) that received a supplement of combination of curcuma meals of 350gr / 100 kg ration and maggot BSF of 150gr / 100 kg ration which was maintained for five weeks. The ration was distributed ad libitum. Accumulative weight gain was measured at the end of the study at the sixth week. The data obtained were analyzed using t-test The results of this study indicated that the average body weight of experimental chicken P2 was 0.450 gr significantly higher (P <0.01) than in group P1 was 0.390 gr. The maggot meal of H. illucens has an important nutrient content and has a positive effect when combining with curcuma meal which is able to increase consumption palatability which has a direct effect on local chicken weight gain. Conclusion: The combination between BSF maggot and curcuma meals supplementation could be applied to local chickens in supporting organic livestock production

Keywords
: Insect, BSF, native chickens

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/gyVTBJjNe4Mv

Corresponding Author
Jein Rinny leke

Institutions
1Animal Husbandry Faculty, Sam Ratulangi University
2Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University

Abstract
The research purpose was to determine the egg quality characteristic of laying hens fed hens dried garlic (allium sativum) in diet. The research method was used completely random design with five treatments and five replicates. The materials used for this research were 100 laying hens.The treatments used for research were dietary with R0 = 100 % based diet (BD); R1= 98% based diet (BD) + 2% garlic meal (GM); R2= 96 % based diet (BD) + 4 % GM, R3 = 94% based diet (BD) + 6% GM, R4 = 92% based diet (BD) + 8% GM. The study was conducted over a period of eight (8) weeks. Data were collected on eggs quality, egg weight, egg shell weight, egg shell thi egg shell weight, but egg weight , albumen weight and egg shell thickness significant. The data analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued by Duncan-s multiple range test. The results showed that using the yolk weight, egg shell weight has significant different ( P 0.05) on egg weight, albumen weight and egg shell thickness significantly different ( P 0.01). It can be concluded that garlic meal can be used as an alternative feedstuff in laying hen diets at inclusion level up to 8% without negative effects on egg quality characteristis.

Keywords
Dried garlic, Egg quality, Laying hens

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/pqLd4XyCt3ge

Corresponding Author
Zuratih Zuratih

Institutions
1) Indonesian Centre for Animal Research and Development
Jalan Pajajaran Kav E59, Bogor 16128, Indonesia
*zuratih89[at]gmail.com
2) Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production
Jalan Veteran III Ciawi, Bogor 16720

Abstract
Livestock sector contributes to the increase of global warming through gas released from enteric fermentation and manure management. National estimation still used manual calculation. The aim of this study was to estimate the contribution of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from livestock sector by using ALU tool version 6.0.1, in West Java Province for year 2016 as the case study. The emissions were calculated by using Tier-1 and Tier-2 methodologies. Data used were livestock population and emission factors (EF) of CH4 and N2O of any livestock. The results showed that emission from enteric fermentation was 94.754 Gg CH4/year or 2,368.850 Gg CO2e/year with the highest emission from sheep (50.194 Gg CH4/year or 1,254.850 Gg CO2/year). While emission of CH4 from manure was 6,767 Gg CH4/year or 169,175 Gg CO2e/year with the highest emission from dairy cattle (2,870 Gg CH4/year or 71,750 Gg CO2e/year) and direct N2O emissions from manure was 0.366 Gg N2O/year or 109.138 Gg CO2e/year with the highest emission from sheep (0.189 Gg N2O/year or 56.212 Gg CO2e/year). As a conclusion, total emissions from the livestock sector in West Java Province are 2,647.163 Gg CO2e/year with the largest emissions from enteric fermentation (2,368.850 Gg CO2e/year). In conclusion that ALU tool is applicable to estimate GHG emission for Livestock in Indonesia, with has limited data available.

Keywords
Greenhouse Gas emission, Livestock, West Java Province, ALU Tools

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/b8WdLCpNXTBf

Corresponding Author
Luh Gde Sri Astiti

Institutions
Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian West Nusa Tenggara

Abstract
In West Nusa Tenggara Province of Indonesia, implementation of leucaena as a ruminant feed is expanding because of its benefits. However, the composition of its metabolite compound is rare reported. The objective of this study was to identify the phytochemical secondary metabolite compound of leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) leaf extracted with Methanol, Dichloromethane and n-Hexane solvent. The GCMS used as a method for identification of the secondary metabolite compound. The result indicated that the leucaena had saponin, flavonoid, alkaloid, steroid/triterpenoid and tannin/polyphenols. Stigmast-5-en-3-ol is dominant in Methanol solvent (37.12%), Octadec-9-enoic acid (21,12%) in Dichloromethane solvent and Cyclolanost-24-en-3-ol (9.19%) in n-Hexane solvent. There was a wide range of phytochemical secondary metabolites in leucaena, which may have both beneficial and detrimental actions in addition to the commonly studied mimosine.

Keywords
Leucaena, leaf extract, secondary metabolite compound

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/jRfmHZF9Paye

Corresponding Author
Ning Iriyanti

Institutions
animal science fakulty, UNSOED

Abstract
IMPACT OF LIQUID FERMEHERBAFIT AS FEED ADDITIVE TO THE BLOOD HEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE AND LYMPHOID ORGAN OF BROILER CHICKENS Ning Iriyanti, Sufiriyanto and Bambang Hartoyo Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University Email. ningiriyanti@gmail.com Abstract The purpose of research was to evaluates the administration time of liquid fermeherbafit used in drinking water on blood hematological profiles and lymphoid organ of broiler chickens. 1000 heads of broiler chicks 1-14 days old with prelium treatment, and 14 - 34 day-old as research treatment. Fed by BR 1 and BR2 feed of CP production. Fermeherbafit material consists of: 100% Curcuma domestica (turmeric), 100% Curcuma Xanthorrhiza R (Temulawak), 25% Allium sativum L (garlic), 50% Morinda citrifolia (Noni), 10% Moringa oleifera (Moringa leaf),10% sugar, 8% (w/v) Probiotic BAL (Lactic acid bacteria). used complete random design (RAL), with 4 treatments with 50 chickens each of 5 replicates, the liquid Fermeherbafit as much as 4% (v/w) of the feed given to the four groups: R0 = as control, R1 = daily, R2 = every two days; R3 = every Monday and Thursday. The results of Blood hematological profiles and the lymphoid organ of broiler chickens showed no significance differences (P > 0.05). The average of blood haematological profileis leukocytes were 8.830±2.01 until 8.70±1.87 (.. X 103/μl); Monocytes of 4.60±1.82 to 7.00±2.45%; Lymphocytes of 53.00±11.92 to 57.20±9.73%; Hb of 6.36±0.37 to 7.38±0.40 G/dL; Fabricius of 0.81±0.06 to 1.00±0.12%; Lymph of 0.12±0.03 to 0.24±0.16%; Thymus of 0.17±0.05 to 0.20±0.05. it can be concluded that liquid fermeherbafit through drinking water at exact time daily, every two days and every Mondays-Thursdays are reviewed in the results of blood haematological profiles as well as Lymphoid organ of broiler chickens. Keywords: Hematological profile, Lymphoid organ, Fermeherbafit

Keywords
Hematological profile, Lymphoid organ, Fermeherbafit

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/yQEJzMg9HBUe

Corresponding Author
Emmy Susanti

Institutions
Faculty of Animal Science Jenderal Soedirman University

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of the use of various liquid probiotics in quail drinking water on the quality of the reproductive tract and quail production. The study used a completely randomized design pattern with four treatments, namely: quail got drinking water without liquid probiotics (P0), quail got drinking water with commercial probiotics A (P1), quail got drinking water with commercial probiotics B (P2), and quail got drinking water with commercial probiotics C (P3), replicates 5 times and 5 quails in each research unit. Drinking water is given in ad libitum with a liquid probiotic concentration of 2ml / liter. Quail feed contains PK 22.2% and energy of 3032.5 kcal. Treatment affects the reproductive tract + egg weight, egg weight and reproductive tract length, weight before slaughter, weight after slaughter, weight after hair removal, heart weight, gastrointestinal weight, (P <0.01) but no effect on carcass weight, weight, follicular weight, gizard weight, length of the digestive tract and length of caeca. The treatment of liquid probiotics in drinking water improves the quality of reproduction and quail production.

Keywords
probiotics, quail, reproduction, production

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/KgzRjEabNcHt

Corresponding Author
Joko Riyanto

Institutions
a)Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret,
Surakarta, Indonesia 57126

*jokoriyanto[at]staff.uns.ac.id

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of formaldehyde-protected soybean groatl on the consumption and digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and crude protein in Bligon Goat. The study used 15 head male Bligon Goats with an average body weight of 20 kg with 3 treatments and 5 groups arranged in a randomized block design (RBD). The diet consists of elephant grass (EG), basal concentrate (BC), soybean groat (SG) and soybean groat protected (SGP). Treatments include P0 = 30% EG + 70% BC, P1 = 30% EG+ 60% BC+ 10% SG and P2 = 30% EG + 60% BC + 10% SGP. The results showed that the consumption of dry matter and organic matter not significant, but highly significant on crude protein consumption. Consumption of crude protein in the treatment without addition of soybean groat showed lower results than consumption of crude protein in feed containing soybean groat. Digestion of dry matter, organic matter and crude protein were not influenced by differences in feed treatment in Bligon Goats. Concluded that supplementation of soybean groats protected or not in the diet can increase the consumption of crude protein and produce the same consumption on parameters of dry matter and organic materials intake. Dry matter, organic matter and crude protein has the same digestibility of feed Goat Bligon.

Keywords
Soybeans groat, Protection, Consumption, Digestibility, Dry Matter, Organic Matter and Crude Protein on The Bligon Goats

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/UfjP8WFz2eYc

Corresponding Author
RISDA AMELIA PUTRI NASUTION

Institutions
a) Postgraduate Master Program of Animal Husbandry, University of Jenderal Soedirman
*melianasution[at]gmail.com
b) Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Jenderal Soedirman
Jl. DR. Soeparno No.60, Purwokerto Utara 53122, Indonesia

Abstract
This study investigated the response of Hibiscus Leaf Meal (HLM) and Direct-Fed Microbials (DFM) supplementation on nitrogen metabolism and rumen microbial synthesis by local sheep. Thirty six male local sheeps aged ±2 years (28,01±2,61 kg) were fed concentrate (3% of body weight) supplemented with HML twice a day, amoniated rice-straw supplemented with DFM were given ad-libitum were assigned randomly to nine treatment in an experiment of 3×3 factorial design. The first factor was the use of DFM (P0=control, P1=DFM AMS, P2=DFM RJ) and the second factor was HML level (W0=0%, W1=0,24%, W2=0,24% of concentrate DM). Measured variable were nitrogen digestibility (ND), nitrogen retention (NR), rumen microbial synthesis (RMS), and efficiency of rumen microbial synthesis (ERMS). There were significant interaction (P<0,01) between DFM and HML suplementation on both RMS and ERMS. While, there were no interaction on ND and NR. The highest RMS and ERMS were achieved on P0W1, there were 6,650±1,18 gN/day and 16,44±5,03 gN/kg DOMR, respectively. Although there were no interaction (P>0,05) between DFM and HLM on ND and NR, DFM supplementation significantly (P<0,01) affected both ND and NR. The most efficient of them were achieved on P0 treatment, 55,13±11,86% (W2) and 9,12±1,76 gN/day (W1), respectively. Based on these results, it could be concluded that determination of HLM level for RMS enhancement depend on DFM usage. At the HLM level 0.24% of concentrate DM, it was advised to use DFM RJ. In contrast, at HLM level 0,48% or higher, it was advised to use DFM AMS. Further experiment to determine maximum level of HLM on DFM AMS use is needed.

Keywords
Sheep; Saponin; DFM; Rice-straw; Nitrogen-metabolism; Rumen-microbial.

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/fbPpm7LBHXK2

Corresponding Author
Zainal A. Jelan Jelan

Institutions
1) Universiti Putra Malaysia
2) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Abstract
In recent years, innovations in animal nutrition have yielded several products in the forms of feed additives/supplements for improving feed utilization and also producing novel meat products and quality to meet the demand of consumers. Consumption of meat from ruminant animals and its derivatives is also on the increase. In addition, nowadays, consumers are exceedingly interested in the quality of the products they eat, especially when this refers to meat, either white or red. A large amount progress is made in the exploitation of the nutrition of pigs and poultry than in the ruminant animals. Beef quality can be manipulated by a variety of nutritional manipulations and many have been implemented successfully in finishing operations world-wide. This paper provides a brief overview of beef quality and the manipulation of beef quality through feeding.

Keywords
meat, beef, nutritional manipulations, meat quality

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/e2ZLGyRK3h84

Corresponding Author
Marniatin Fita

Institutions
a)Postgraduate Master Program of Animal Husbandry, University Of Jenderal Soedirman
*marniatinfita[at]live.com
b)Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Jenderal Soedirman
Jl. DR. Soeparno No. 60, Purwokerto Utara 53122, Indonesia.

Abstract
The Aim of this study was determine interaction between Direct-Fed Microbials (DFM) and Hibiscus leaf meal (HLM) supplementation by local sheep performance and consumption rate of concentrate. Thirty six male local sheeps aged ± 2 years (28.01 ± 2.61 kg) were fed ammoniated rice-straw supplemented with DFM and concentrate supplemented with HML assigned randomly to nine treatment in an experiment of 3×3 factorial design. The first factor was the use of DFM (P0 = control, P1 = DFMAMS, P2 = DFMRJ) and the second factor was level of HLM (W0 = 0%, W1 = 0.24% and W2 = 0.48% DM concentrate). Concetrate consumption DMI of each sheep was 3 % of body weight and ad-libitum JPA . Measured variables were final weight, average daily gain (ADG), feed consumption (FC), fed conversion rasio (FCR) and consumption rate (CR). There were significant interaction (P<0.05) between DFM and HML supplementation on the final weight, FC and CR (P<0.01), while ADG and FCR were not significantly interact. DFM supplementation significantly affected (P <0.05) on FCR. The most efficient feed conversion achieved in P2 (W0 =8.22 ± 1.19, W1=7.15 ± 0.85 and W2=6, 81 ± 1, 68). There were no interaction on ADG, however ADG tended to increased in W2. The Highest ADG was achieved in P2W2 (0.146 ± 0.03 Kg/day). There were positive correlation between consumption rate and ADG (P<0.01) also consumption rate and final weight (P<0.05). Coeficient correlation of consumption rate and both ADG and final weight were 0, 481 and 0.514, respectively. The use of DFM and HML, especially DFMRJ and level of HLM was 0.48% (P2W2) were able to improve local sheep performance.

Keywords
Saponin; DFM; Performance; Rice-straw; Sheep

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/2rWtcUaunNqy

Corresponding Author
Sukawaty Fattah

Institutions
1Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Nusa Cendana, Kupang, 85361 Indonesia
2Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Nusa Cendana, Kupang, 85361 Indonesia

Abstract
The aim of this research was to study the effect of giving complete feed containing silage of banana stems with different levels of feed conversion, efficiency of ration usage, production costs and profits from fattening Bali cattle farmers pattern. Experimental animals employed in this research were 12 heads of growing male Bali cattle of 1 to 1.5 years old with the body weight ranging from 140,5 to 166 kg with an average of 155 kg and coefficient variation (CV) 8.72%, were employed. The experimental design used was completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications : T0: local feeds (commonly used by farmers) + 1 kg complete feed without banana stem silage, T1: (commonly used by farmers) + 1 kg complete feed containing 10% silage of banana stems, T2: (commonly used by farmers) + 1 kg complete feed containing 20% banana stem silage, T3: (commonly used by farmers) + 1 kg of complete feed containing 30% silage of banana stems. Data collected was subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the effect of treatments was not significantly (P>0.05) on feed conversion, efficiency of ration usage, production costs and profits from fattening Bali cattle farmers pattern. The conclusion of this study is the provision of complete feed containing silage of banana stems with different levels giving the same effect between treatments on feed conversion, efficiency of ration usage, production costs and profits from fattening Bali cattle farmers pattern.

Keywords
banana stem silage, complete feed, technical and economic value, fattening Bali cattle farmers patterns.

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cuDkWNAz82qT

Corresponding Author
Munasik Munasik

Institutions
Facultyof Animal Science, University of Jenderal Soedirman

Abstract
The aimed of this research to examine the effect of the concentrate to forage ratio of complete feed silage on crude protein consumption, crude fiber consumption, energy consumption and fat consumption of the local male sheep that was conducted at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto. Five types of the ensilage of complet feed treatments consisted of P1 (Napier grass 70% + concentrate 26% + 1.5% + mineral salts urea 0.5% + 0.5% + molasses 1.5%), P2 (Napier grass 60% concentrate 36% + mineral salts 1.5% + 0.5% + 0.5% urea molasses + 1.5%), P3 (Napier grass 50% + concentrate 46% + 1.5% + mineral salts + 0.5% urea 0 , 5% molasses + 1.5%), P4 (Napier grass 40% + concentrate 56% + 1.5% + mineral salts 0.5% + 0.5% urea molasses 1.5%), P5 (Napier grass 30% + concentrate 66% + 1.5% + mineral salts 0.5% + 0.5% urea molasses + 1.5%). Twenty of local male sheep with a body weight 12.5 – 22.5 kg divided into 4 blocks were used in this experiment. The parameters measured were the consumptions of crude protein, crude fiber, energy and fat. Data were analyzed using variance analysis and followed by honestly significant difference test (HSD). The conclusion of this study is that the P3 treatment was the best concentrate to forage ratio of complete feed silage for fattening with consumption of crude protein as much as 131.01 ± 4.05 grams/day/head, crude fiber consumption 103.06 ± 3.33 grams/day/head, energy consumption 655.80 ± 18.74 grams/day/head and fat consumption 55.84 ± 1.83 grams/day/head.

Keywords
Complete feed silage, consumption, crude protein, crude fiber, energy, fat, concentrate, Napier grass

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/DAQ4bYuzXm2Z

Corresponding Author
Muhammad Salah

Institutions
1Faculty of Animal Production, University Of Khartoum, Department Of Poultry Production, Sudan
2Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University.Indonesia

Abstract
The purposes of this experiment were to study the effect of three different environmental conditions (hot, cool, and natural) in the chicken behavior as indicated by duration of tonic immobility, and the role of dietary nucleotide supplementation on the elevate the stress. A total of 165 unsexed commercial chickens at fourteen-day of age were divided into three different environmental conditions; hot environment (H) with ambient temperature 31±1°C, comfortable environment (C) with ambient temperature 23 ±1°C, and natural environment (N). The chicken in Every environment condition received a basal diet supplemented with three levels of nucleotide (0 mg/kg) as a control group (T0), T1; 1000 mg/kg, and T2; 500 mg/kg. Birds were fed ad libitum until slaughter at 35 day. The duration of tonic immobility was evaluated two times on age 25 day and 34 day. The result of this study revealed that chicken reared under high temperature (hot and natural environment) increase the duration of tonic immobility compare with chickens rear under comfortable condition. The supplementation of dietary nucleotide has no effect on reducing the stress behavior.

Keywords
Environment, Nucleotide, Stress, Tonic immobility

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/B8dxGn4JENFz

Corresponding Author
Sukawaty Fattah

Institutions
Faculty Animal Husbandry, Nusa cendana University, Kupang

Abstract
A study has been conducted to determine 1) the effect of local feeds supplementation and de-worming on calf birth weight. 2) the influence of local feeds supplementation and de-worming on changes of post partum body weight, and 3) the effect of local feeds supplementation and de-worming on the feacal eggs count. The method in this study is the experimental method used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 5 replications. The results showed that the average of birth weight was obtained is highest child receiving treatment (P2) local feeds supplementation and de-worming is 14.1±0.822kg, followed by treatment (P1) obtain local feeds supplementation without de-worming is 13.1±0.652kg, and the lowest at (P0) treatment without local feed supplementation and de-worming is 11.5±0.791kg. The average of body weight gain after 2 months partus is highest in the (P2) treatment obtain local feed supplementation and de-worming is 16.82±0.602kg, followed by treatment (P1) obtain local feeds supplementation without de-worming is 16.38±0.415kg, and the lowest at treatment (P0) without local feeds supplementation and de-worming is 10.72±0.563kg. The average feacal eggs count is highest on (P0) treatment is 68.4±2.702worm/gfeces, followed by treatment (P1) is 64.2±2.490worm/gfeces, and lowest in the treatment of P2 by 25±2.236worm/gfeces. Statistical test results showed that the local feeds supplementation and de-worming on Bali cow very significant effect (P <0.05) on calf birth weight, body weight changes after partus of Bali cattle cow, and the feacal eggs count.

Keywords
supplementation, de-worming, cow, calf, local feeds.

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/r2MjeUwqpJct

Corresponding Author
Eko Hendarto

Institutions
Animal Science Faculty

Abstract
The efforts to improve the agronomy management techniques to increase the production and nutrient contents of forages are continually studied to increase the efficiencies in all aspects of life, one of which is fertilization. Tradidional-market waste liquid organic fertilizers can beused to fertilize setaria grass. This research was conducted to get information concerning the best dosage of liquid organic fertilizer utilization. An experimental method using Completely Randomized Design was applied in this study. The treatments were: 6 (six) doses of mixtures of the liquid organic fertilizer : water, of the ratios of 0:0, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5, volume by volume, each of which was repeated 4 times. The land area used was 2 m x 1.5 m per plot (experimental unit). The variables measured were the dry matter (DM) concentration, DM production, crude protein (CP), crude fat (CFt), and crude fiber (CFb) contents. The data used were the results of the harvest at second defoliation. The results of the study showed that the doses of water in the fertilizer did not indicate any significant differences (P > 0.05) on all varibles being studied. On the basis of the results, it is suggested that the addition of water into the fertilizer can be applied up to 5 folds the volume of the organic liquid fertilizer in the agronomy management of Setaria grass (Setaria splendida).

Keywords
liquid fertilizer, traditional market organic wastes, Setaria grass (Setaria splendida), production.

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/B473AYRELH8g

Corresponding Author
Muhammad Daud

Institutions
Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia

Abstract
The research aims to study the use of functional feed additive probiotic and phytogenic in rations on the performance of local duck grower phase. The study used 80 heads local duck 8-16 weeks old grower phase. The study was conducted by experimental method, using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments of rations and 4 replications (5 ducks/pen). The experiment used completely randomized design with 4 treatment rations: R1 (basal diet /control), R2 (basal diet + phytogenic 0.4%); R3 (basal diet + probiotic 108 CFU); R4 (basal diet + phytogenic 0.4% + probiotic 108 CFU). The observed variables were: feed consumption, body weight gain, final body weight, feed conversion, and mortality of local duck. Data was analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance then continued with Duncan test. The results showed that the use of functional feed additive probiotic and phytogenic gave a positive response to the performance of local duck grower phase. The use of functional feed additive probiotic and phytogenic in ration significantly affect (P<0,05) feed consumption, body weight gain, and final body weight, but no significant affect on ration conversion and mortality local duck grower phase. It was concluded that the use of functional feed additive probiotic and phytogenic could serve as a source of feed additive in local duck ration and able to increase performance of local duck grower phase.

Keywords
phytogenic, probiotic, feed additive, performan, local ducks

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kgwMcCaxF9Ee

Corresponding Author
Tati Rohayati

Institutions
Universitas Garut

Abstract
The quality of the pellets is determined by the ingredients of pellets. This study aims to determine the amount of Indigofera zollingeriana and banana corm that fermented by Trichoderma harzianum as a substitute for soybean meal and rice bran in ration on the physical qualities of pellets. The research method was experimental using a completely randomized design with a factorial pattern consisting of two factors and each five treatment and two replications. Experimental data were analyzed by analysis variance, then to find out the differences between treatments were analyzed by Duncans Multiple Range Test. The results showed that there was an interaction between the use of Indigofera zolingeriana and banana corm on durability and density of pellet. The highest pellet durability was obtained by using 26% Indigofera zollingeriana and 1.25% banana corm, while the highest pellet density was obtained using 0% Indigofera zollingeriana and 1.25% banana corm.

Keywords
Physic, Indigofera zollingeriana, Banana Corm, Pellets.

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/hv8z6X2EYA4P

Corresponding Author
Charles Venirius Lisnahan

Institutions
Agricultural Faculty, Timor University,
Jalan El Tari, Km. 9, Kefamenanu, Nusa Tenggara Timur, 85616

Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to know the internal organs size of 6-weeks old native chickens after supplement addition with l-threonine and l-tryptophan in the feed. A total of 112 native chickens a week-old were used in this experiment. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block with four treatments and four replications. The dietary treatments were: T0 (control feed without supplementation of l-threonine and l-tryptophan); T1 (supplementation of 0.35% l-threonine and 0.10% l-tryptophan); T2 (supplementation of 0.68% l-threonine and 0.17% l-tryptophan); T3 (supplementation of 1.00% l-threonine and 0.25% l-tryptophan). The data collected were body weight, liver, pancreas, gizzard, and intestinal length of native chickens aged 6 weeks. The statistical analysis showed that supplementation of l-threonine and l-tryptophan gave significant effect (P<0.01) upon body weight, liver weight, pancreas weight, gizzard weight and intestinal length. It can be concluded that supplementation of 1.00% l-threonine and 0.25% l-tryptophan give the highest body weight and internal organs size of native chickens.

Keywords
Native chicken, l-threonine, l-tryptophan, internal organs

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/7uQVcxeZmfCy

Corresponding Author
doso sarwanto

Institutions
Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Wijayakusuma University, Purwokerto, 53152, Indonesia

Abstract
The negative effect of limestone mining is the formation of open field which caused the reduction of diversity level and the productivity of indigenous forages. The open field that was used as a limestone mining can be revegetated through the introduction of Dwarf Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott). We need a further study about the distribution level of the introduction result of dwarf elephant grass as the substitute of indigenous goat forages in limestone area. The research method used in this research is experimental in vivo using Completed Random Sampling. The materials used in this study are 16 local male goats from limestone area weighed about 25,8 kg ± 1,66. The treatment consists of 4 dwarf elephant grass-s distribution levels as the substitute of indigenous forages, i.e. 0, 25%, 50% and 75% with 4 repetitions. The parameter consists of feed intake and body weight gain. This research is located in Gombong-s limestone mountain area in Central Java, Indonesia. The result of this research shows that the distribution dwarf elephant grass as the substitute of indigenous goat forages until 75% has non significant (P>0,05) of feed intake and body weight gain. Meanwhile, if we reviewed from the tendency of body weight gain, the distribution of dwarf elephant grass as the substitute of indigenous goat forages should only reach 25%.

Keywords
dwarf elephant grass, indigenous forages, goat, limestone mountain

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/kULA4XfYKGbd

Corresponding Author
Asep Rahmat Khaerudin

Institutions
a Postgraduate Master Program of Animal Husbandry, University of Jenderal Soedirman
*khaerz45 [at]gmail.com
b Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Jenderal Soedirman
fmsuhartati[at]gmail.com , yusmi_nw[at]yahoo.com
Jl. DR.Soeparno No 60 Purwokerto Utara 53122, Indonesia

Abstract
The objective of this cohort retrospective study was to determine the association be between the influence of feeding patterns with health disorders in the transition period and dentifying potential economic losses in KPBS Pangalengan area. Data from 2065 calving event and incidence of hypocalcemia, retensio placenta, displasia abomasum, ketosis, mastitis, metritis and lameness from January 2017 until December 2018, from 3 groups of feeding patterns, pattern I (concentrate, Penissetum purpureun, tofu/cassava by product), Pattern II (Concentrate ,rice straw, cassava by product and pattern III (concentrate, wild grass). Analysis and significances using Relative Risk (RR) and Chi square. The result of analysis, the pattern I had greater risk of hypocalcemia (RR 1,923 , 95% CI 1,438-2,571, P 0,0001) and displasia abomasum(RR 4,962, 95% CI 1,813-19,645, P 0,0001) than pattern III and pattern II had and greater risk of retensio placenta (RR 11,014 95%CI 4,898-24,767, P 0,0001), metritis (RR 2,415 95%CI 1,626-3,399 P 0,0001) and mastitis (RR 6,697 95%CI 5,023-8,929, P 0,0001) than pattern III. Pattern I and II had greater risk of experiencing hipocalsemia, retensio secunndinae, displasia abomasum, ketosis ,mastitis, metritis and lameness than pattern III. The conclusion of analysis there is a significant ( p < 0,05) relationship or influnce between the pattern of feeding in transitiom period and pattern III is the best in reducing incidence of periparturient diseases. Diseases that arise implicates the economic loss due to health problems in the transition period is calculated from the cost of veterinarians, Labor (producer Labor), milk loss, discarded milk, culling cost, death, extended days open

Keywords
Relative Risk (RR), feeding pattern, periparturient diseases,transition period

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/GBcWxZCaYQM8

Corresponding Author
Anastasia Sischa Jati Utami

Institutions
Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Bali

Abstract
The aim of this research was to determine the effect of the used of herbs and local feed additive alternative for improving chickens productivity and eggs. This study was conducted in Bangli District with chickens used within age 22-42 week with the used of herbs added to drinking water ad libitum. The study used The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD with 4 treatment P0=control; P1 treatment P0 with herbs; P2 treatment P0+ marigold flower; P3 treatment P0 with capsaicin ; P4 treatment P0 with capsaicin and marigold flower. Data were observed for egg weight, egg length, egg width, egg volume and chicken weight gain during observation and egg quality. Data showed the best treatments was P2 treatment P0 with herbs (ginger and galangal). Data showed treatment P3 ( P0 with capsaicin) produce highest body weight gain. Overall, the best performance productivity showed on treatment P2.

Keywords
Key words : local feed additive, herbs, productivity, quality

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/3ufEBkTPLnYU

Corresponding Author
Joko Riyanto

Institutions
Universitas Sebelas Maret

Abstract
Acceptance and level of preference for sheep meat are influenced by the physical quality of the meat. This study aimed to know the effect of the use of animal oil saponification (lemuru fish oil: LFO) and vegetable oil (palm oil: PO) which was added to the ration on the physical quality of sheep meat. Twelve male local sheep were randomly divided into 3 ration treatments; P0: control ration (40% king grass : 60% concentrate), P1: 40% king grass + 57% concentrated + 3% saponified LFO and P2: 40% grass king + 57% concentrate + 3% saponified PO. Each treatment consisted of 3 replications. The observed variables were a physical quality of meat (pH, cooking losses, tenderness, collagen). The data obtained were analyzed by variance analysis and real difference test between treatments. The results showed that the use of LFO and PO was not a significant effect on the physical quality of meat (pH, cooking losses, tenderness, collagen). It can be concluded that the use of animal and vegetable oil saponification cannot improve the physical quality of sheep meat.

Keywords
Saponification of Animal, Vegetable Oils , Ration , Physical quality, Sheep meat, Biceps femoris

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/bU74GPV9C3jv

Corresponding Author
Nur Hidayah

Institutions
1Animal Science Department, Agricultural Faculty, Bengkulu Muhammadiyah University, Bengkulu-38119, Indonesia
2Animal Science Department, Agricultural Faculty, Tidar University,
Magelang-56126, Indonesia
*corresponding author: nurhidayah[at]umb.ac.id

Abstract
Jengkol (Archidendron jiringa) peel is a by-product that has not been utilized optimally. Some research reported that jengkol peel had potency as a source of fiber and bioactive compound (saponins and tannins) for ruminant. This experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of jengkol peel powder supplementation on total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production and protozoa population on in vitro ruminal fermentation. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with three treatments (2%, 4%, 6%) and four replications. The variables observed included total VFA production and protozoa population. Data were tested using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the differences among treatments means were examined by Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results showed that increasing supplementation of jengkol peel powder increased total VFA production (P<0.01) but did not affect protozoa population (P>0.05). It is concluded that supplementation of jengkol (A. jiringa) peel powder until 6% DM improved rumen fermentation.

Keywords
jengkol peel powder, protozoa, total VFA

Topic
Feeds, feeding, and animal nutrition

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/pYFPGHAbzkdm